Best Solar Companies of 2026

Sunlux, Freedom Solar Power and Project Solar are our top picks

    • Best overall
      Sunlux
      3.8(580)
    • Customer service
      Freedom Solar Power
      4.3(336)
    • Value
      Project Solar
      4.4(87)
    +2 more
    Author picture
    Fact-checked by: Jon Bortin

    Best Solar Companies of 2026

    After analyzing thousands of customer reviews, equipment options, payment plans and warranties, Sunlux stood out as the best solar company overall. Freedom Solar Power offers the best customer service during installation, while Project Solar has the most transparent pricing.

    Why trust ConsumerAffairs?
    • Our recommendations are based on what reviewers say.
    • 4,805,221 reviews on ConsumerAffairs are verified.
    • We require contact information to ensure our reviewers are real.
    • We use intelligent software that helps us maintain the integrity of reviews.
    • Our moderators read all reviews to verify quality and helpfulness.

    Our top 5 solar companies

    1. Sunlux: Best overall
    2. Freedom Solar Power: Best customer service
    3. Project Solar: Best value
    4. Sunrun: Best payment options
    5. ShopSolar: Best for DIY projects
    Learn more about solar energy
    Best overall
    Sunlux logo
    Max. panel efficiency
    19.7%
    Panel warranty
    25 years
    Payment options
    Cash, loan and lease
    Year founded
    2012
    Why we picked it

    Sunlux stands out for its competitive pricing, solid customer service and strong selection of quality solar equipment. We also like that its 24/7 monitoring app makes it easy to track your system’s performance. Technical support is always available if issues come up.

    Sunlux can also handle necessary roof repairs or replacements before installation (for an additional cost), which simplifies the process for homeowners who need roofing work done first.

    What reviewers say

    Most customers praise the installation process and energy savings. Some reviewers report challenges with financing terms or communication.

    Real cost and savings examples

    Including materials and labor, John in California paid $20,000 for his system, which is close to the national average for solar panel costs. 

    Since going solar with Sunlux, Ana and Michael (both in California) each pay about $20 per month in utilities, mostly minimum service fees.

    Many Sunlux customers finance their systems, as Christian in California does. Instead of paying $100 to $200 a month for electricity, Christian pays $150 per month toward his solar loan. “But only for six years,” he said, “and then after that, the panels will be mine and I don’t have to pay anymore.”

    Pros
    • Excellent equipment selection
    • 24/7 monitoring app
    • Helpful sales representatives
    • Lifetime customer support
    • Multiple financing partners
    Cons
    • Only available in two states
    • Occasional installation delays
    • No in-house financing
    More about Sunlux
    • Equipment: REC Solar, Qcells and Aptos panels; SolarEdge and Enphase inverters; Tesla Powerwall, Enphase AC and LG Chem RESU batteries are available.
    • Warranties and guarantees: Sunlux has two tiers of warranties. The standard option covers installation, parts and maintenance for 25 years. The Platinum Protection upgrade also guarantees system energy production for 25 years.
    • Payment options: Unsecured loans through third-party partners or 25-year leases with no upfront costs.
    • Availability: California and Texas.
    Best customer service
    Freedom Solar Power logo
    Max. panel efficiency
    22.8%
    Panel warranty
    25 years
    Payment options
    Cash, loan
    Year founded
    2007
    Why we picked it

    Freedom Solar Power delivers a more personalized experience throughout the installation process. The company uses in-house, NABCEP-certified installers and licensed electricians — a big plus for quality control.

    Installers specialize in rooftop and ground-mounted systems. Freedom Solar also offers deinstallation and reinstallation for roof repairs, plus monitoring, maintenance, repairs and system upgrades.

    What reviewers say

    Reviewers consistently highlight strong customer service, smooth installations and effective monitoring tools. Some note minor communication challenges due to multiple points of contact.

    Real cost and savings examples

    Freedom Solar is not the cheapest, according to Penny in Texas. Her quote was about $4,000 more than another company she considered. On the higher end, Russell in Texas spent over $120,000 on a system, including the Tesla battery.

    Despite higher upfront costs, many customers report big savings. Joseph in Texas said his electric bill dropped below $100 per month, even with heavy air conditioner use.

    Savings vary by location and usage. Lynn in Texas saves $150 to $300 per month, while Michelle in Florida saw her bill drop from $150 to $35.95.

    Pros
    • 24/7 performance monitoring
    • Transferable warranty
    • In-house, NABCEP-certified installation crews
    • Good monitoring app
    Cons
    • Only available in two states
    • No in-house financing
    • Occasional communication issues
    1x Award Winner
    Selected for having one of the highest satisfaction rates for Best Installation Experience
    More about Freedom Solar Power
    • Equipment: Maxeon, Mission Solar and Qcells solar panels; Tesla Powerwall or Enphase IQ batteries. Generators and electric vehicle (EV) charging solutions are also available.
    • Warranties and guarantees: Freedom Solar Power offers a 25-year equipment and installation warranty. The company will replace equipment on behalf of the manufacturer and cover 100% of repair or replacement costs. System performance is guaranteed at 84% to 92% of the original production for 25 years.
    • Payment options: Pay cash or finance. Freedom Solar Power does not currently offer a leasing plan.
    • Availability: Texas and Florida.
    Although the solar panels were a bit pricier, the efficiency makes up for it.”
    — Joseph, a Freedom Solar Power customer in Texas
    Project Solar logo
    Max. panel efficiency
    20.9%
    Panel warranty
    25 years
    Payment options
    Cash, loan
    Year founded
    2016
    Why we picked it

    Project Solar’s no-sales-gimmicks approach appeals to budget-conscious homeowners. Sales reps don’t earn commissions, which helps keep the process straightforward and pressure-free. 

    We also like the company’s clear pricing model — as of publishing, full-service installations start at $1.61 per watt.

    Project Solar even offers a DIY option, which can significantly reduce costs. It ends up being more cost-effective if you can install your own system or hire local contractors to do it for you.

    What reviewers say

    Many customers tell us about significant savings, though some tell us about unexpected delays.

    Real cost and savings examples

    Bill in Utah spent around $15,000 going solar and now pays less than $15 per month for power.

    Dion in Nevada spent $14,000 on equipment for a 10-kilowatt system. Including their own installation labor and an electrician, the total project cost about $20,000.

    Gary in Colorado pays a $10 monthly administrative fee to his utility. “Otherwise, my electric bill is always zero,” he said. Dan in New Mexico said his electric bill is usually less than $40.

    Pros
    • Wide availability
    • Transparent pricing
    • Streamlined installations
    • Roof-leak warranty
    • DIY or professional install
    Cons
    • Uses subcontracted installers
    • No in-house financing
    • Occasional communication issues
    More about Project Solar
    • Equipment: Systems incorporate Qcells, Canadian Solar and Jinko panels. Enphase IQ 5P or Tesla Powerwall batteries are available for full-service installations. DIY projects only have the Enphase IQ 5P option.
    • Warranties and guarantees: Project Solar provides a 25-year manufacturer’s warranty and a 10-year workmanship warranty. Their 84% production guarantee for 25 years reimburses you if your system underperforms.
    • Payment options: Choose between two loan types: one with lower overall costs for quick payoff, another with lower monthly payments for predictable bills. You can also use your own bank financing or a HELOC.
    • Availability: Most states (not Alaska or Hawaii).
    Best payment options
    Sunrun logo
    Max. panel efficiency
    22%
    Panel warranty
    Varies
    Payment options
    Cash, loan and lease
    Year founded
    2007
    Why we picked it

    Sunrun’s leasing model makes solar accessible without a large upfront investment. With a lease, you pay nothing upfront for panels, equipment, installation or permits. Instead, you pay a fixed monthly fee to use the electricity your system generates, and Sunrun handles maintenance for the duration of the lease (typically 25 years).

    Here’s when it makes sense: If your lease payment is lower than your current electric bill, you start saving immediately. And while utility rates are likely to increase over time, your payment stays more predictable. You’re essentially locking in today’s energy costs for the next 25 years.

    What reviewers say

    Reviewers appreciate the ease of the transition, the savings on their electric bills and the reliability of the system. However, some have mentioned issues with billing or delays in installation.

    Real cost and savings examples

    Dale in Florida told us, “My electric bill has only been between $35 and $40 all summer long with the solar. So I’m happy with it because I’d be paying a lot more for electricity right now without it, even with the lease payment I’m making to Sunrun.”

    Another customer, Pamela in New Jersey, had thought about going solar for years before finding Sunrun’s leasing program. “You put out nothing upfront. It’s been a win-win for us,” she said. “Our bills are $5 or $6 a month, and there have been months where we had credits, so we had no bills.”

    “I’ve driven a Chevy Bolt EV since 2019, charging from my roof solar, essentially costing me nothing and saving two tons of CO2 by not using fossil fuel,” Ronald in Massachusetts said.

    Pros
    • Reliable system performance
    • Flexible payment options
    • Daily system monitoring
    • Roof leak warranty
    Cons
    • Occasional installation delays
    • Mixed customer service experiences
    • Some billing issues reported
    1x Award Winner
    Selected for having one of the highest satisfaction rates for Best Customer Service
    More about Sunrun
    • Equipment options: Systems use monocrystalline panels from reputable manufacturers. Battery storage options include Tesla, Lunar Energy and FranklinWH.
    • Warranties and guarantees: Purchased systems include a 10-year warranty covering workmanship and equipment, plus a 25-year performance guarantee. Leased systems include free maintenance and repairs.
    • Payment options: You can lease solar equipment for a minimal upfront payment. As of publishing, available promotions include $0 down for some financing and loan plans. (If you purchase the system instead of leasing, you are responsible for maintenance and repairs.)
    • Availability: California, Connecticut, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island, Texas and Washington, D.C.
    They delivered on every promise, from installation to handling permits.
    — Sherry, a Sunrun customer in Nevada
    Best for DIY projects
    ShopSolar logo
    Max. panel efficiency
    Varies
    Panel warranty
    Varies
    Payment options
    Cash, loan
    Year founded
    2018
    Why we picked it

    ShopSolar is a great option for homeowners who want to build their own solar systems. The online retailer offers a wide selection of equipment, fast shipping and responsive customer support.

    You’ll find new and used solar panels, batteries, inverters, charge controllers, cabling, mounts and racks — everything needed for off-grid or hybrid systems. ShopSolar also sells monitoring systems that connect via Bluetooth or manufacturer apps.

    What reviewers say

    Customers appreciate the competitive pricing and product selection, though some report issues with defective equipment or slower customer service response times. Most say installation is manageable, especially with guidance from support staff.

    Real cost and savings examples

    Patrick in Missouri spent $6,000 on a kit in 2023. As of publishing, ShopSolar’s best-selling complete solar power system kit costs $2,889. On the high end, its 75.8kW Solar Power System costs $180,989. Individual solar panels cost anywhere from around $45 to almost $10,000.

    “I’ve had the kit installed for about eight months, and I don’t have a bill,” Jordan in Oregon told us. “It was cheaper for me by about $20,000 to go with ShopSolar and I can expand the system as I need to.” Carlos in Florida told us he’s saving $200 each month with his kit.

    Pros
    • Price-match guarantee
    • 30-day return policy
    • Helpful sales reps
    • Lifetime customer support
    Cons
    • Shipping and delivery restrictions or delays
    • Occasional issues with defective or damaged products
    More about ShopSolar
    • Equipment options: ShopSolar offers new and used solar panels, batteries and inverters from brands like REC, Renogy, Canadian Solar and EcoFlow. Generators, cables, racks and additional hardware are also available.<
    • Warranties and guarantees: ShopSolar is an authorized distributor of all the brands it sells, so all solar equipment is covered by the individual manufacturers’ warranties. If you run into a warranty issue, reps can help you contact the equipment manufacturer.
    • Payment options: ShopSolar accepts Visa, Mastercard, American Express, Discover, PayPal, Apple Pay, Google Pay, Venmo and Shop Pay. It partners with Affirm on financing.
    • Availability: ShopSolar ships most products throughout the continental U.S.

    » DIY SOLAR PANELS: Pros, cons and installation guide

    Other solar companies we considered

    • CleanChoice Energy: If you want to support renewable energy without the complexities of solar panel installation, CleanChoice Energy offers an accessible alternative to rooftop solar. The company acts as an alternative energy supplier. Instead of getting your electricity from the default utility company in your area, it can provide electricity sourced from wind and solar power that is generated in your region.
    • Purelight Power: Homeowners in Oregon, Iowa and Montana should consider Purelight Power for simple, stress-free solar panel installations. The staff is friendly and professional and always keeps you informed throughout the process, according to recent verified customers.

    Solar Energy Companies Buyers Guide

    Jump into our guides and start learning

    Top Picks

    See who reviewers like

    Sunlux logo
    Freedom Solar Power logo
    Project Solar logo
    See our top picks

    Simplify your search

    Switch to solar with a system built for you.

      ConsumerAffairs has heard from thousands of homeowners who have already installed solar panels. Many are happy with their choice — people like clean energy and lower electric bills. But others say solar wasn’t worth the cost. In the worst-case scenario, homeowners end up paying for a system that doesn’t work and still have to cover their regular utility bills.

      This guide explains how much solar panels cost, how to choose a good solar company and what to expect during installation and after your system is running.

      Key insights

      Solar panels typically cost $18,000 to $43,000. On the bright side, you can finance or lease a system with minimal upfront costs.

      Jump to insight

      Small roof? High-efficiency panels can help. They cost more but make more energy in less space.

      Jump to insight

      Systems usually pay for themselves in about 9.5 years, and the average homeowner can avoid $62,219 in total utility costs over 25 years.

      Jump to insight

      How much do solar panels cost?

      “The price of a system will depend on your electricity usage,” Neil Gallagher, who owns a solar company in Florida, explained. “There's not a fixed price but more of a range.”

      On the high end, we talked to a solar customer in Massachusetts who paid around $50,000 for a system and a solar customer in Hawaii who spent $100,000.

      A standard 8-kilowatt (kW) solar panel system costs $22,712. But if your household uses a lot of electricity, you need a bigger, more expensive system.

      Solar panel prices also vary by location. As of publishing, Arizona has the cheapest cost per watt, Wyoming has the most expensive. You can see how much that affects average installation costs below.

      Average solar panel costs by most and least expensive states

      Average solar panel costs by state

      Installers talk about “cost per watt.” That’s the price of each watt of solar capacity your panels will generate. Think of it like miles per gallon for a car: It shows how efficient your system is. As of publishing, the average cost per watt is $2.84.

      *Before any financial incentives; **How long it takes to break even on solar panel installation costs with cash purchase; ***Total utility power costs avoided over 25 years

      How to choose a solar company

      To choose a good solar company, read customer reviews, compare quotes and financing options, check licenses and certifications, and ask about the solar panels’ efficiency and warranty. Here are some tips to narrow down your options.

      1. Read lots of solar company reviews. Look at what other people say about the company. Stay away from companies with a lot of complaints about bad service or broken promises.

      2. Get a few quotes. Don’t go with the first company you find. Prices can vary a lot, so compare a few options to find the best deal. Some solar companies have a lot more overhead due to marketing efforts, and that cost is passed on to the consumer.

      3. Check licenses and certifications. The best solar companies are often associated with the North American Board of Certified Energy Practitioners (NABCEP) or are certified by the Solar Rating & Certification Corporation (SRCC).

      4. Ask about efficiency. Some solar panels work better than others. Higher-efficiency solar panels cost more but can make more power in less space. Make sure the panels can handle weather like snow, wind or hail if that matters where you live.

      5. Pay attention to the warranty. A good solar company will offer a strong warranty and help with any problems later. Most solar panels are covered for 25 years. Inverters and batteries might have different warranty lengths, so ask about that too.

      If you add battery storage, confirm the battery's warranty length and performance guarantees. Some states are rolling out battery-specific incentives that require minimum warranty periods to qualify for rebates.

      » BUYER BEWARE: Solar panel scams

      How to pay for solar panels

      Most people choose one of three options: a loan, a lease, or a power purchase agreement (PPA).

      With a solar loan, you borrow money to buy the system and make monthly payments until it’s paid off. You eventually own the panels.

      With a solar lease or PPA, you don’t own the system. A solar company installs and owns the panels, and you pay them a set amount each month. Leases are usually a flat fee. With PPAs, you pay for the power you use. Either can be good if you don’t want to take out a loan or pay upfront costs.

      Pro tip 

      If your loan or loan payment is higher than what you currently pay for electricity, solar panels might not save you money.

      » SOLAR PANELS: Buy vs. lease

      Solar incentives by state

      The 30% federal solar investment tax credit (ITC) is ending after 2025, but many states still have solar incentives, such as rebates, tax credits or performance-based programs.

      Before 2026, one downside of leasing solar panels or signing a PPA was that you couldn’t claim the federal tax credit (only system owners could). But beginning in 2026, no one will be able to claim it, whether they own or lease.

      Is going solar worth it for me?

      Solar is worth it for a lot of homeowners. Systems usually pay for themselves in about 9.5 years, and the average homeowner can avoid $62,219 in total utility costs over 25 years.

      Look out for pushy sales reps who make big promises.

      How much money solar saves you depends on electricity costs in your area. In states that offer full-retail net metering credits, adding a battery mainly provides backup power rather than extra savings, so factor that into your payback calculations.

      Real-world examples

      Since going solar, Lowell in Oklahoma said his average monthly electric bill went from $125 to about $15. Another solar customer, Rosineia in Massachusetts, told us she saves around $1,000 per year.

      In the worst-case scenario, you spend thousands on midtier equipment from a company with no follow-up support, like Brenda in Missouri. “I am still not sure if it is working correctly, as I only saved $6.66 last month,” Brenda told us. “Why would anyone pay $52,000 for a system and get less than a $10 return each month?”

      » EXPLORE: Where solar savings go the furthest

      What are the best states for going solar?

      See how your state compares with others on residential electricity prices, solar installation costs, solar potential and solar-friendly policies.

      Solar energy pros and cons

      Despite the high upfront costs, solar offers energy savings that can deliver a strong return on investment over time. Breaking down the pros and cons can help you get a better idea of whether or not solar is worth it for your home.

      Pros

      • Lower monthly energy bills
      • Energy independence
      • Reduced carbon footprint
      • Government incentives
      • Increased home value

      Cons

      • High initial cost
      • Can't move with you
      • Not a one-size-fits-all solution
      • Some ongoing maintenance

      Is my house a good candidate for solar panels?

      Not every household benefits from solar panels in the same way. We suggest using NREL’s PVWatts Calculator to estimate how much electricity a solar panel can produce over a year on your house. Project Sunroof is a reliable online solar savings estimator. When determining if solar is a good option for your home, you should also ask yourself the following questions:

      • What is the condition of my roof? Considering panels last about 25 years, it could be smart to replace your roof before going solar. Otherwise, you might have to spend thousands removing the panels, fixing your roof and reinstalling them. For instance, when Gwen in California had to re-roof her house, it cost $5,790 to temporarily uninstall and reinstall the panels.
      • What is my roof's angle, pitch and size? Roofs that face south, southeast or southwest are typically the best angle for solar panels, and a roof pitch of 25 to 45 degrees is best. The average dimensions of a solar panel are roughly 5.5 feet by 3.25 feet. Ideally, your roof is big enough to fit the number of panels required to meet your energy needs.
      • How much sunlight does my roof get? Lots of shade around your house — lots of tall trees or buildings, for instance — and your solar panels won't be as efficient. Solar panels still work on cloudy days, but the electricity generation drops by about 10% to 25%. Direct sunlight definitely boosts energy output.

      Pro tip

      If you have older electrical appliances, upgrade those before investing in solar panels. Getting your electrical loads as low as possible means you can get a smaller system, which will be cheaper overall.

      » MORE: How to save energy at home

      What to know about panels and other solar equipment

      The most common residential photovoltaic (PV) panels — monocrystalline and polycrystalline — are made of silicon cells. Silicon cells easily absorb photons from the sun.

      But it's not just about picking the best solar panels. A solar array is made up of many different components working together.

      • Solar batteries store that sunny day for a rainy one. If you want to store the energy produced by your solar panels for use later, you need to install solar batteries and a charge controller. This is especially useful if you live in an area with frequent power outages or if you want to use solar energy when the sun is not shining.
      • Mounting and tracking systems maximize sun exposure. This attaches the solar panels to your roof or another location on your property. The mounting system needs to be sturdy and weather-resistant.
      • Inverters turn sunlight into usable energy. The solar inverter converts the direct current (DC) electricity produced by the solar panels into alternating current (AC) electricity that can be used to power your home or business.
      • Monitoring lets you keep track of your system through an app. Monitoring apps give you real-time data on the performance of your solar panels. You get an alert if there's a drop in performance. Some advanced monitoring systems let your solar installation company access performance data remotely, which facilitates quick repairs.

      How do solar installations work?

      Understanding the installation process is important to knowing what you should expect.

      1. Initial consultation: Some installers might show you satellite images of your home at different times of the day. These pictures to demonstrate which sides of your home get the most sunlight.
      2. Site assessment: The installer evaluates your roof's orientation, size, shading and condition. These assessments provide an overview of your property's overall solar potential.
      3. System design: The installer then designs a solar system for your property and provides a detailed proposal based on the site assessment and your energy needs. This proposal should include the system size (in kilowatts), estimated energy production, cost, potential savings and return on investment.
      4. Panel installation: After you secure your permits, your solar company begins the installation process. This part typically takes a few days but can vary based on the system's size and complexity.
      5. Final inspection: Once the solar system is installed, it needs to be inspected by local authorities and the utility company (if grid-tied) to ensure it meets all regulations. After inspections, the system can be commissioned, and you can start generating solar power.
      6. Ongoing maintenance: Systems require some maintenance. You can clean your panels yourself, or hire a professional once or twice a year to keep performance optimal. Otherwise, dirt, debris and other substances accumulate on panels over time, reducing their effectiveness.

      FAQ

      How do solar panels work?

      Solar photovoltaic (PV) panels work by harnessing the power of the sun and converting it into usable electricity. The most common types of residential solar PV panels — monocrystalline and polycrystalline — are made of silicon cells, which easily absorb photons from the sun.

      If your solar panel system is connected to the grid, any excess energy your system generates during the day can be fed into the grid and credited to your account through net metering. At night, your system can draw energy from the grid to power devices and appliances in your home.

      Solar panels still work on cloudy days, but the electricity generation drops by about 10% to 25%. Direct sunlight definitely boosts energy output.

      How many solar panels do I need to power my house?

      The average American household ends up needing 15 to 30 panels to fully power a home. How many solar panels you need depends on your energy usage, roof and solar panels' efficiency. To figure out your energy usage, check your utility bill for "kWh used." To get your monthly average, look at bills for the past year, add up the stated kWh used and divide by 12.

      In general, the output of one residential solar panel is anywhere from 100 watts to 500 watts, depending on the capacity of the equipment and operating conditions. Most panels on homes are rated to output between 250 watts and 450 watts, meaning they produce 250 to 450 watt-hours of electricity for each hour they are exposed to direct sunlight.

      For example, if your household uses 1,000 kWh per month, and you install panels that each generate 400 watts under optimal conditions, you'll need about 21 panels to meet your energy needs. Here's the math:

      • 1,000 kWh per month divided by 30 days = 33.3 kWh per day
      • 33.3 kWh per day divided by 5 hours of effective sunlight per day = 6.7 kW solar system
      • 6.7 kW divided by 0.4 kW (400-watt panel) = 16.75 panels

      However, this doesn’t account for system losses, shading or seasonal changes, so installers typically recommend adding 10% to 30% more capacity, bringing you to about 21 panels.

      » WATT’S THE DIFFERENCE? kW vs. kWh

      What solar options are available for small businesses?

      Businesses, local governments and nonprofits of all sizes can benefit from commercial solar panel installation. Solar carports, ground-mounted systems and solar thermal energy systems are also options. The biggest difference between commercial and residential solar panels comes down to scale, financing options and tax incentives.

      Do I need a solar battery?

      A solar battery is not always necessary, but it can provide significant benefits. Solar batteries store excess energy generated during the day for use when your panels aren't producing electricity, such as at night or during power outages. They are particularly useful if you want energy independence, live in an area with frequent grid outages or don't have net metering options with your utility company. However, they do add to the overall cost of your solar system.

      How long does it take to install solar panels?

      Installation times depend on a range of factors, especially seasonality and supply chain issues. The actual installation might take only a day, but it takes time to design, plan and activate the system. Dan in California said it took a few weeks; Shahida in New York said it took a year.

      What is Tier 1 solar company?

      A Tier 1 solar company makes its own panels and has done so for at least five years with a track record of reliable products. This label often means it's a stable business that invests in research and manufacturing.

      Get expert advice on solar companies

      How do solar panels help reduce my carbon footprint?
      Robert Kaufmann

      Robert Kaufmann

      Professor, environmental science, Boston University

      Solar panels generate electricity without using fossil fuels (e.g., coal, oil or natural gas). Burning fossil fuels is the largest source of anthropogenic sulfur emissions. As such, solar panels reduce carbon emissions, which reduces one’s carbon footprint.

      Read their bio
      Yogi Goswami

      Yogi Goswami

      Professor, chemical engineering, University of South Florida

      Since solar panels convert sunlight to power directly without the need to burn any fuel, no CO2 is emitted while sunlight is being converted to electrical power. Considering that power from coal emits about 1.05 kg CO2/kWh, from natural gas about 0.44 kg/kWh and from oil about 1.1 kg/kWh (based on the data from the U.S. Energy Information Administration), solar panels significantly reduce carbon footprints by avoiding these emissions.

      Read their bio
      Sarah Kurtz

      Sarah Kurtz

      Professor, electrical engineering, University of California Merced

      Solar panels help by reducing the amount of fossil fuels that are used to generate electricity. If used alongside electric vehicles and heat pumps, solar panels further decrease the reliance on fossil fuels in transportation and heating. If solar panels were widely adopted, they could eventually eliminate our carbon footprint altogether by replacing fossil fuel-based energy generation.

      Read their bio
      Harvey Bryan

      Harvey Bryan

      Professor, building technology, Arizona State University

      Solar energy can offset grid power, which is usually generated by carbon-based fossil fuels, making your home’s energy use cleaner. The impact depends on your utility — some have a high level of renewables, while others rely heavily on fossil fuels like coal and natural gas. Many utilities now offer clean energy plans, which supply 100% renewable electricity to customers at a slight premium. Advances in battery storage also help balance solar output, making it a more reliable energy source that reduces dependence on dirtier power plants.

      Read their bio
      Can solar panels help regions affected by climate change?
      Robert Kaufmann

      Robert Kaufmann

      Professor, environmental science, Boston University

      The reduction in local carbon emissions will have little immediate effect on the severity or frequency of climate-induced flooding or extreme heat. However, if properly networked into the grid, solar panels can decentralize power production, increasing the supply of electricity to localities during extreme weather events.

      Read their bio
      Yogi Goswami

      Yogi Goswami

      Professor, chemical engineering, University of South Florida

      Certainly, solar panels help. However, since the global environment doesn’t have any boundaries, having more solar panels everywhere would help reduce the carbon footprint and, therefore, reduce the impact of climate change.

      Read their bio
      Sarah Kurtz

      Sarah Kurtz

      Professor, electrical engineering, University of California Merced

      Solar panels can provide localized benefits, such as offering shaded parking to reduce heat exposure. However, they do not prevent floods directly, as extreme weather events will continue to occur.

      Read their bio
      Harvey Bryan

      Harvey Bryan

      Professor, building technology, Arizona State University

      Yes, but the impact is global rather than local. Rising CO2 levels from centuries of fossil fuel use have driven climate change, and while solar adoption helps, results aren’t immediate — it might take decades to see the benefits. Countries like Norway, with 90% [electrical vehicle] adoption, show how policy can drive change. The challenge is ensuring long-term commitment, as some governments scale back renewable efforts due to political shifts, slowing down climate action.

      Read their bio
      Are there environmental risks associated with large-scale solar panel installations?
      Robert Kaufmann

      Robert Kaufmann

      Professor, environmental science, Boston University

      The laws of thermodynamics dictate that every human effort has environmental risks. The extraction of materials used and the fabrication of solar panels cause environmental damage. However, these damages are generally smaller than those caused by other forms of electricity generation.

      Read their bio
      Yogi Goswami

      Yogi Goswami

      Professor, chemical engineering, University of South Florida

      If we plan to recycle solar panels, the effect on the environment from used panels will be very small. As for the land use, you certainly need land for the solar panels. However, for residential use, you can use the roofs of buildings for solar panels. For larger scales, you can use strategies to reduce the land-use impact and, in some cases, make a positive impact. For example, for large car parking lots, you could use the panels to provide shade to the parked cars. For agricultural farms, you could use the panels to form the boundaries of the farms.

      Read their bio
      Sarah Kurtz

      Sarah Kurtz

      Professor, electrical engineering, University of California Merced

      Solar competes with agriculture for land use, but strategies such as agrivoltaics allow for dual use of land. While solar panels do contribute to waste, their long lifespan (decades) minimizes the waste issue compared to other energy sources.

      Read their bio
      Harvey Bryan

      Harvey Bryan

      Professor, building technology, Arizona State University

      All energy sources have risks: Fossil fuels impact climate; hydropower can disrupt aquatic life; nuclear presents long-term waste storage challenges. Solar’s impact is relatively minor, but land use and end-of-life disposal need careful management. Compared to fossil fuels, solar has far fewer environmental drawbacks. The key is to weigh risks over time — legacy energy sources like coal and natural gas cause significant pollution, while renewable options, despite some challenges, offer a more sustainable path.

      Read their bio
      What are the main barriers to solar adoption?
      Robert Kaufmann

      Robert Kaufmann

      Professor, environmental science, Boston University

      One of the largest obstacles is the large up-front costs. As such, many households cannot afford solar panels even though they would save money in the long run. This barrier can be lowered by low interest loans. Also, renters find it difficult to reap the benefits of solar panels because renters do not have property rights.

      Read their bio
      Sarah Kurtz

      Sarah Kurtz

      Professor, electrical engineering, University of California Merced

      The barriers to solar adoption are highly variable. In New York City, it is difficult to find low-cost places to mount [solar panels] that will not be frequently shaded, but in California, the challenge is more about how to make use of the solar electricity after the sun sets. California has installed > 13 GW of batteries that can charge during the day and then discharge after sunset. Even though 13 GW is roughly half of a typical nighttime load in California, California could still benefit from more batteries. In many places, people don’t want to change how they are using land. If a county considers itself to be an agricultural county, replacing fields of corn with solar panels changes the county’s identity. Perhaps using agrivoltaics can help in such a case because sheep can graze underneath the panels, allowing the farmers to continue creating food for everyone’s tables while also generating electricity without carbon emissions.

      Read their bio
      Yogi Goswami

      Yogi Goswami

      Professor, chemical engineering, University of South Florida

      The biggest barrier is that, for solar power, you have to pay for the panels and the balance of the system up front, while the benefit comes over time after the capital investment has been made. Since the panels pay for themselves over time, creative financing schemes can make it possible for the users to pay costs over time so that the periodic payments are less than the savings from the panels.

      Read their bio
      Harvey Bryan

      Harvey Bryan

      Professor, building technology, Arizona State University

      Uncertainty, misinformation and policy shifts are major barriers. The recent pause on infrastructure investments has slowed renewable growth despite prior tax credits boosting the industry. Battery storage is expanding rapidly, making solar more viable, and utilities are adopting it for economic benefits. However, shifting political priorities might redirect funding back to fossil fuels. Overcoming these obstacles requires long-term planning, public awareness and stable government support.

      Read their bio

      Methodology

      The ConsumerAffairs Research Team used a research-backed, data-driven approach informed by our expert editors to choose the best solar energy companies. We considered thousands of verified reviews, equipment options, payment options, system warranties and production guarantees.

      We gave companies a score out of 10 for each metric, with 10 going to the company with the highest value and other companies receiving scores relative to that benchmark. We then weighted each metric and added them together to get a final score.

      • Reviews: We analyzed consumer sentiment related to installation, price and customer service satisfaction.
      • Warranties and guarantees: We compared companies on both equipment and craftsmanship warranty terms. All of our top picks for professional installation have warranties or production guarantees of at least 10 to 25 years.
      • Payment options: We evaluated the number of payment options each company offered and whether financing was handled in-house or by a third party. We gave preference to companies that offer multiple payment and financing options for transparent terms and conditions.
      • Installation services: We considered the availability of professional solar panel installation services, prioritizing companies that are capable of working with the most homeowners.

      Guide sources

      ConsumerAffairs writers primarily rely on government data, industry experts and original research from reputable publications to inform their work. Specific sources for this article include:

      1. U.S. Department of The Treasury, “Consumer Solar Awareness.” Accessed April 3, 2025.
      2. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, “As PV Market Evolved in the Last Year, Prices Went Up, Prices Went Down.” Accessed April 3, 2025.
      3. EnergySage, “Solar panel cost in 2025: It may be lower than you think.” Accessed April 3, 2025.
      4. U.S. Department of Energy, “Homeowner’s Guide to Going Solar.” Accessed April 3, 2025.
      5. U.S. Department of Energy, “Walk Me Through It: A Step-By-Step Guide for Consumers Going Solar.” Accessed April 3, 2025.
      6. Solar Energy Industries Association, “Solar Market Insight Report.” Accessed April 3, 2025.
      7. NPR, “People are rushing to install solar panels before Trump becomes president.” Accessed April 3, 2025.

      Not sure how to choose?

      Get buying tips about Solar Energy Companies delivered to your inbox.

        By entering your email, you agree to sign up for consumer news, tips and giveaways from ConsumerAffairs. Unsubscribe at any time.

        Thanks for subscribing.

        You have successfully subscribed to our newsletter! Enjoy reading our tips and recommendations.

        Read solar company reviews

        Showing 10 of 161

        Want your company to be on this guide?

        Yes, continue
        Comparing

        ×