How do you decide what products to buy? Sometimes we act out of habit. We buy the brands we always buy.
But what happens when we have to buy something new, something we rarely, if ever, have purchased? Does it seem like you have a hard time making up you mind? If so, you aren't alone.
To overcome this difficulty, a new study in the Journal of Consumer Research suggests putting some space – psychological or physical – between you and the purchase can be helpful.
"Except for habitual purchases, consumers do not always have an easy time deciding, for example, what cereal to buy, where to send their children to school, or where to take their family for vacation," write authors Manoj Thomas, of Cornell University, and Claire I. Tsai of the University of Toronto. "'Cognitive difficulty' is a common issue for consumers, and it affects their judgments, decisions, and behavior. Confused consumers are less satisfied with their choices and often defer selections and prolong searches.”
Distance makes a difference
The study focused on whether psychological distance reduces the difficulty and anxiety in choice situations. They conducted four experiments where they altered the psychological distance from a given task by using subtle manipulations—varying the abstractness of thinking and having participants assume different body postures.
In one study, for example, the researchers presented participants with two products. They were asked to choose one of the items or defer the choice until later. Half the participants were told to lean toward the computer screen and the other half were instructed to lean away.
Lean away from the screen
"This simple manipulation of psychological distance influenced participants' choice," the authors write. "Those who leaned toward the screen found the choice to be more difficult and were more likely to defer the choice than those who leaned away from the screen."
The authors found similar results in an experiment where they encouraged participants to think more abstractly, creating more psychological distance. They say their findings might explain why someone else observing the decision making – a friend of spouse – might not understand why it's such a hard choice.
"The results also suggest that when task difficulty is a relevant variable in decision-making, leaning away or toward the screen can unintentionally influence perceived difficulty of online tasks," the authors write.
